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<title>Cuban tree frog</title>

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Cuban tree frog

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Cuban tree frog

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">On <a href="Grand_Cayman" title="Grand Cayman">Grand Cayman</a>

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<th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div>

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<td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"> <a href="Least_Concern" class="mw-redirect" title="Least Concern">Least Concern</a>  (<a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<a href="#cite_note-iucn_status_12_November_2021-1">[1]</a></div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a>

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<td>Kingdom:

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<td><a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a>

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<td>Phylum:

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<td><a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a>

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<td>Class:

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<td><a href="Amphibian" title="Amphibian">Amphibia</a>

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<td>Order:

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<td><a href="Frog" title="Frog">Anura</a>

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<td>Family:

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<td><a href="Hylidae" title="Hylidae">Hylidae</a>

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<td>Genus:

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<td><a href="Osteopilus" title="Osteopilus">Osteopilus</a>

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<td>Species:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="species">O. septentrionalis</div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Osteopilus septentrionalis <div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="Andr%C3%A9_Marie_Constant_Dum%C3%A9ril" title="André Marie Constant Duméril">A.M.C. Duméril</a> & <a href="Gabriel_Bibron" title="Gabriel Bibron">Bibron</a>, 1841)</div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a>

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<ul><li>Hyla septentrionalis A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1841</li>

<li>Osteopilus septentrionalis — Trueb & Tyler, 1974<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li></ul>

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The Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) is a large species of <a href="Tree_frog" title="Tree frog">tree frog</a> that is native to <a href="Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, the <a href="The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a>, and the <a href="Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a>; but has become invasive in several other places around the Americas.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Its wide diet and ability to thrive in urban areas has made it a highly <a href="Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">invasive species</a> with established colonies in places such as <a href="Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>,<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> the <a href="Hawaiian_island" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiian island">Hawaiian island</a> of <a href="Oahu" class="mw-redirect" title="Oahu">Oahu</a>, and the <a href="Caribbean_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribbean Islands">Caribbean Islands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-north-5">[5]</a> These tree frogs can vary in size from 2 to 5.5 inches (5 to 12.7 cm) in length. Due to their large size, Cuban tree frogs can eat a wide variety of things, particularly native tree frogs, and their removal has shown to result in an increase in the amount of native tree frogs in an area.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> The tadpoles of Cuban tree frogs also heavily compete with native frog tadpoles, which can cause negative effects in body mass, size at metamorphosis, and growth rates for the native tadpoles.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div>

Cuban tree frogs are the largest tree frogs in North America, ranging from 2 to 5.5 inches or (5 to 12.7 cm) in length.<a href="#cite_note-:0-8">[8]</a> Cuban tree frogs are mostly gray, brown, or green, with young frogs having more green coloration than adults. These frogs have rough, warty skin with blotchy or mottled patterning.<a href="#cite_note-handbook-9">[9]</a> Cuban tree frogs have the ability to change their color and pattern to camouflage themselves.<a href="#cite_note-:1-10">[10]</a> The inner thighs of these frogs are bright yellow, which helps to confuse a predator when the frog jumps and reveals the color. The toes have sticky pads that are useful in their arboreal life.<a href="#cite_note-:0-8">[8]</a>

The skin on their heads is fused to the skull; if the head of an adult frog is rubbed (between the eyes), the skin does not move. This special adaptation prevents water loss, since fewer blood vessels occur in the "co-ossified" (fused) area. Cuban tree frogs are able to secrete a toxic mucus from their skin which can cause a fiery sensation if it makes contact with a person's eyes.<a href="#cite_note-:0-8">[8]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behavior">Behavior</h2></div>

Cuban tree frogs are mainly nocturnal and sleep during the day, preferring to hunt and breed when the sun goes down.<a href="#cite_note-:1-10">[10]</a> Being very voracious, this tree frog will eat almost anything large enough to fit in its mouth, including smaller frogs. Their foraging will occasionally take them up <a href="Utility_pole" title="Utility pole">utility poles</a>, where they can cause short-circuits of utility switches, causing costly power outages.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Cuban tree frogs will sometimes sleep on palm trees or in potted plants, which can aid in their spread.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_cycle">Life cycle</h2></div>

As with most frogs, female Cuban tree frogs are larger than males. During the breeding season, the male will have a black nuptial pad on his hand or wrist that helps him hold onto the female during <a href="Amplexus" title="Amplexus">amplexus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>

Cuban tree frogs breed year round depending on the conditions, preferring to breed during the wetter months. Optimal conditions are considered to be 81.5 °F (27.5 °C) with high humidity (97.8%) and rain.<a href="#cite_note-declines-13">[13]</a> A female can lay several hundred eggs to over a thousand in a single <a href="Clutch_(eggs)" title="Clutch (eggs)">clutch</a>. Eggs can hatch in under 30 hours and tadpoles can fully develop in one month.<a href="#cite_note-declines-13">[13]</a> They have wide <a href="Caudal_fin" class="mw-redirect" title="Caudal fin">caudal fins</a> and two rows of labial teeth on the top of their mouths and four rows on the bottom.<a href="#cite_note-cayman-14">[14]</a> Tadpoles survive on <a href="Algae" title="Algae">algae</a> and will occasionally eat other tadpoles,<a href="#cite_note-declines-13">[13]</a> and on rare occasions, recently metamorphosed juveniles.<a href="#cite_note-orchids-15">[15]</a> After <a href="Metamorphosis" title="Metamorphosis">metamorphosis</a>, froglets are between 0.55 and 0.67 inches (14 and 17 mm) long.<a href="#cite_note-cayman-14">[14]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2></div>

The Cuban tree frog is native to <a href="Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, the <a href="Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a>, and the <a href="Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a>. This large frog has been introduced in <a href="Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, the <a href="US_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="US Virgin Islands">US Virgin Islands</a>, and the <a href="British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Louisiana-16">[16]</a> Whether the species was native to the <a href="Key_West" title="Key West">Key West</a> region of <a href="Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> is debated,<a href="#cite_note-declines-13">[13]</a> or if it was introduced to the area. First discovered in the 1930s, these frogs arrived via cargo ships in the 1800s.<a href="#cite_note-orchids-15">[15]</a> They can survive in <a href="Brackish_water" title="Brackish water">brackish water</a>, which may have helped the species to spread to various islands.<a href="#cite_note-cayman-14">[14]</a> The Cuban tree frogs' progressive colonization into the mainland of Florida is believed to be abetted by use of <a href="Florida_State_Road_A1A" title="Florida State Road A1A">State Road A1A</a> construction during the 1940s.<a href="#cite_note-global-17">[17]</a> The species is now established in southern Florida and parts of the <a href="Florida_Panhandle" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Panhandle">panhandle region</a>, and can be found as far north as <a href="South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-north-5">[5]</a>

The Cuban tree frog is known to hitchhike on shipments of potted plants,<a href="#cite_note-Georgia-18">[18]</a> vegetation, packaging,<a href="#cite_note-global-17">[17]</a> boats, and other motorized vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-north-5">[5]</a> Once in a new location, the frogs become an <a href="Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">invasive species</a>. In <a href="Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, they have become a predator of the <a href="Common_coqu%C3%AD" title="Common coquí">common coquí</a> (Eleutherodactylus coqui).<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> They have several good colonizing traits, such as high <a href="Fecundity" title="Fecundity">fecundity</a>, short generation time, a diverse diet, good competitive ability, and the ability to coexist with humans.<a href="#cite_note-global-17">[17]</a> In addition, they also secrete a toxic mucus from their skin which helps to limit the number of natural predators.<a href="#cite_note-ft-20">[20]</a>

Cuban tree frogs are known to inhabit a variety of habitats, including <a href="Estuary" title="Estuary">estuaries</a>, low-density suburban development, small towns, agricultural areas, particularly ones with <a href="Exotic_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Exotic plant">exotic plants</a>, and lowland forests and swamps.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Within their habitats, they can be found in damp, shady areas, particularly around shrubs and trees,<a href="#cite_note-handbook-9">[9]</a> by <a href="Cisterns" class="mw-redirect" title="Cisterns">cisterns</a>, rain barrels,<a href="#cite_note-cayman-14">[14]</a> and buildings. They like to be near medium and large sized trees and prefer conditions where the temperature remains above 10 degrees Celsius.<a href="#cite_note-:1-10">[10]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation">Conservation</h2></div>

This large frog directly impacts native ecosystems by eating native frogs, lizards, and snakes, and poses a threat to the <a href="Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a> of the areas into which it spreads by causing native tree frog populations to decline. These effects are most noticeable in urban and suburban areas, where native tree frogs, such as the <a href="American_green_tree_frog" title="American green tree frog">American green tree frog</a> (Hyla cinerea) and the <a href="Squirrel_treefrog" class="mw-redirect" title="Squirrel treefrog">squirrel treefrog</a> (Hyla squirella) are rapidly disappearing.

It has spread throughout peninsular Florida, and is also commonly found in isolated populations as far north as southern Georgia.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> It is inadvertently carried on vehicles or ornamental plants, spreading to new areas, and has been transported as far north and west as <a href="Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a>, Canada.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Because of its effects on the biodiversity, some experts have recommended killing the animal when it is found in a new habitat. This can be done, most humanely, through the application of Orajel to the abdominal skin, waiting fifteen minutes for the frog to be fully anaesthetized, and then placing it in a freezer for a few hours.<a href="#cite_note-Georgia-18">[18]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_captivity">In captivity</h2></div>

Cuban tree frogs are commonly available in the <a href="Pet" title="Pet">pet</a> trade within the United States.<a href="#cite_note-ft-20">[20]</a> They are inexpensive, and when cared for properly tend to live five to ten years. They feed readily on any animal they can fit in their mouths, which can result in cannibalistic behavior if frogs housed together have a significant size difference.<a href="#cite_note-badger-24">[24]</a> Their toxic mucus can burn the eyes and trigger an allergic (or asthmatic) reaction; as a result, this species is not an ideal pet species, especially for children.<a href="#cite_note-:0-8">[8]</a>

The Cuban tree frog's colonization of <a href="Oahu" class="mw-redirect" title="Oahu">Oahu</a> is believed to be a result of accidental or deliberate release of pets. Therefore, the species is now banned from sale in Hawaii. Conviction of importation of a Cuban tree frog carries a maximum fine of $25,000 and a year in jail.<a href="#cite_note-ft-20">[20]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFIUCN_SSC_Amphibian_Specialist_Group2021" class="citation journal cs1">IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/55811/3032751">"Osteopilus septentrionalis"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2021: e.T55811A3032751. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T55811A3032751.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T55811A3032751.en</a>. Retrieved 12 November 2021.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Schwartz_(zoologiste)" class="extiw external" title="fr:Albert Schwartz (zoologiste)">Schwartz A</a>, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Thomas_(zoologiste)" class="extiw external" title="fr:Richard Thomas (zoologiste)">Thomas T</a>. 1975. A Check-list of West Indian Amphibians and Reptiles. <a href="Carnegie_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="Carnegie Museum of Natural History">Carnegie Museum of Natural History</a> Special Publication No. 1. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 216 pp. (Osteopilus septentrionalis, p. 45).

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<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=57">"Osteopilus septentrionalis"</a>. NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100610140441/http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=57">Archived</a> from the original on 2010-06-10.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufwildlife.ifas.ufl.edu/frogs/cubantreefrog.shtml">"Cuban Treefrog"</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-north-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-north_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-north_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-north_5-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFElliotGerhardtDavidson2009" class="citation book cs1">Elliot, Lang; Gerhardt, H. Carl; Davidson, Carlos (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frogstoadsofnort0000elli/page/28">The frogs and toads of North America: a comprehensive guide to their identification, behavior, and calls</a>. New York, New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frogstoadsofnort0000elli/page/28">28</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-618-66399-6</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRice,_Waddle,_Miller,_Crocket,_Mazzotti,_Percival2011" class="citation journal cs1">Rice, Waddle, Miller, Crocket, Mazzotti, Percival (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70036412">"Recovery of native treefrogs after removal of nonindigenous Cuban Treefrogs, Osteopilus septentrionalis"</a>. Herpetologica. 67 (2): 105–117. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1655%2FHERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00020.1">10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00020.1</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84251137">84251137</a> – via USGS.</cite><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSmith2004" class="citation journal cs1">Smith, Kevin G. (15 February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tsusinvasives.org/dotAsset/e9003c9e-23cf-45ca-8bf1-21ce08854558.pdf">"Effects of nonindigenous tadpoles on native tadpoles in Florida: evidence of competition"</a> (PDF). Biological Conservation. 123 (4): 433–441. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2005.01.005">10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.005</a> – via ELSEVIER.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:0-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-3">d</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seaworld.org/animals/facts/amphibians/cuban-tree-frog/">"Cuban Tree Frog Facts and Information | SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment"</a>. seaworld.org. Retrieved 2020-05-22.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-handbook-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-handbook_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-handbook_9-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFLong1999" class="citation book cs1">Long, Kim (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781555662264/page/72">Frogs a Wildlife Handbook</a>. Boulder, Colorado: Johnson Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781555662264/page/72">72</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-55566-226-9</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:1-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.animalplace.net/amphibians/cuban-tree-frog-facts-characteristics-habitat-and-more/">"Cuban Tree Frog: Facts, Characteristics, Habitat and More | Animal Place"</a>. 24 May 2012. Retrieved 2020-05-22.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613021606/http://news.ufl.edu/2007/06/12/cuban-tree-frog/">"Invasive Cuban tree frogs threaten native wildlife, damage utilities, says UF expert"</a>. <a href="University_of_Florida" title="University of Florida">University of Florida</a>. 2007-06-07. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.ufl.edu/2007/06/12/cuban-tree-frog/">the original</a> on 2010-06-13. Retrieved 2010-11-27.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.frog-life-cycle.com/cuban-tree-frog.html">"Cuban Tree Frog"</a>. www.frog-life-cycle.com. Retrieved 2020-05-23.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-declines-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-declines_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-declines_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-declines_13-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-declines_13-3">d</a> <cite id="CITEREFLannoo2005" class="citation book cs1">Lannoo, Michael J. (2005). Amphibian declines: the conservation status of United States species. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press. pp. 463–465. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-520-23592-4</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-cayman-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cayman_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cayman_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cayman_14-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cayman_14-3">d</a> <cite id="CITEREFBruntDavies1994" class="citation book cs1">Brunt, M. A.; Davies, J. E. (1994). The Cayman Islands: natural history and biogeography. AA Dorderecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 410–412. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-7923-2462-5</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-orchids-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-orchids_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-orchids_15-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFCrumpCrump2009" class="citation book cs1">Crump, Martha L.; Crump, Alan (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sexyorchidsmakel0000crum/page/42">Sexy orchids make lousy lovers & other unusual relationships</a>. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sexyorchidsmakel0000crum/page/42">42</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-226-12185-7</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Louisiana-16"><a href="#cite_ref-Louisiana_16-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wbrz.com/news/study-invasive-fist-sized-treefrogs-in-new-orleans">"Study: Invasive fist-sized treefrogs in New Orleans"</a>. <a href="WBRZ" class="mw-redirect" title="WBRZ">WBRZ</a>. 2018-05-01. Retrieved 2018-05-01.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-global-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-global_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-global_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-global_17-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFCollinsCrump2009" class="citation book cs1">Collins, James P.; Crump, Martha L. (2009). Extinction in our times: global amphibian decline. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. 61–62. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-19-531694-0</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Georgia-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Georgia_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgia_18-1">b</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cuban-tree-frog-found-in-georgia/">"Cuban Tree Frog Found In Georgia"</a>. <a href="CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. 2004-10-21. Retrieved 2010-10-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.primerahora.com/noticias/puerto-rico/nota/ranadepredadoradelcoquicampeaporsurespetoenpuertorico-1048430/">Rana depredadora del coquí campea por su respeto en Puerto Rico(in Spanish)</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ft-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ft_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ft_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ft_20-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFGrenard2008" class="citation book cs1">Grenard, Steve (2008). Frogs and Toads. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley Publishing Inc. pp. 95–96. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-470-16510-2</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myfwc.com/WILDLIFEHABITATS/Nonnative_CubanTreefrog.htm">"Cuban Treefrog - Osteopilus septentrionalis"</a>. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Retrieved 2010-11-28.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cuban-tree-frog-found-in-georgia/">"Cuban Tree Frog Found In Georgia"</a>. CBS News. 2004-10-21.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/florida-frog-hops-ride-to-regina-1.1317882">"Florida frog hops ride to Regina"</a>. CBC News. Retrieved 2013-04-17.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-badger-24"><a href="#cite_ref-badger_24-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBadger1995" class="citation book cs1">Badger, David (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780896586741/page/76">Frogs</a>. Stillwater, Minnesota: Voyageur Press, Inc. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780896586741/page/76">76</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-89658-674-X</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="John_L._Behler" title="John L. Behler">Behler JL</a>, King FW. 1979. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-394-50824-6</bdi>. (Osteopilus septentrionalis, pp. 410–411 + Plates 155, 178).</li>

<li><a href="Roger_Conant_(herpetologist)" title="Roger Conant (herpetologist)">Conant R</a>. 1975. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. xviii + 429 pp. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-395-19979-4</bdi> (hardcover), <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-395-19977-8</bdi> (paperback). (Hyla septentrionalis, pp. 325–326 + Plate 47 + Map 282).</li>

<li><a href="Andr%C3%A9_Marie_Constant_Dum%C3%A9ril" title="André Marie Constant Duméril">Duméril A-M-C</a>, <a href="Gabriel_Bibron" title="Gabriel Bibron">Bibron G</a>. 1841. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire naturelle des Reptiles, Tome huitième [Volume 8]. Paris: Roret. 792 pp. (Hyla septentrionalis, new species, p. 538). (in <a href="French_language" title="French language">French</a>).</li>

<li>Trueb L, Tyler MJ. 1974. Systematics and evolution of the Greater Antillean hylid frogs. Occ. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24): 1-60. (Osteopilus septentrionalis, new combination, pp. 39–41).</li>

<li><a href="Anna_Allen_Wright" title="Anna Allen Wright">Wright AA</a>, <a href="Albert_Hazen_Wright" title="Albert Hazen Wright">Wright AH</a>. 1933. Handbook of Frogs and Toads: The Frogs and Toads of the United States and Canada. Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Co. xi + 231 pp. (Hyla septentrionalis, pp. 126–127).</li>

<li>Cadigan M “Invasive Cuban Tree Frog Spotted in SW Florida.” WPTV. WPTV, February 2, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.wptv.com/news/state/invasive-cuban-treefrog-spotted-in-fort-myers">https://www.wptv.com/news/state/invasive-cuban-treefrog-spotted-in-fort-myers</a>).</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw259">The Cuban Treefrog in Florida.</a> University of Florida IFAS.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wec.ufl.edu/extension/wildlife_info/frogstoads/osteopilus_septentrionalis.php">Cuban Treefrog - Osteopilus septentrionalis.</a> Florida Wildlife Extension. University of Florida.</li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers5006" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers5006" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Taxon identifiers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Osteopilus septentrionalis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790867" class="extiw external" title="wikidata:Q1790867">Q1790867</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Osteopilus_septentrionalis" class="extiw external" title="wikispecies:Osteopilus septentrionalis">Osteopilus septentrionalis</a></li>

<li><a href="Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Osteopilus_septentrionalis/">Osteopilus_septentrionalis</a></li>

<li><a href="AmphibiaWeb" title="AmphibiaWeb">AmphibiaWeb</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amphibiaweb.org/species/1019">1019</a></li>

<li><a href="ARKive" title="ARKive">ARKive</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.arkive.org/wd/osteopilus-septentrionalis/">osteopilus-septentrionalis</a></li>

<li><a href="Amphibian_Species_of_the_World" title="Amphibian Species of the World">ASW</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Hylidae/Lophyohylinae/Osteopilus/Osteopilus-septentrionalis">Osteopilus-septentrionalis</a></li>

<li><a href="INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/24382">24382</a></li>

<li><a href="Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10456930">10456930</a></li>

<li><a href="NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.100086/">2.100086</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NHMSYS0021177236">NHMSYS0021177236</a></li>

<li><a href="Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/199888/">199888</a></li>

<li><a href="Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=420364">420364</a></li>

<li><a href="SeaLifeBase" title="SeaLifeBase">SeaLifeBase</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sealifebase.ca/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=131420">131420</a></li>

<li><a href="Xeno-canto" title="Xeno-canto">Xeno-canto</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xeno-canto.org/species/Osteopilus-septentrionalis">Osteopilus-septentrionalis</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Hyla septentrionalis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109526422" class="extiw external" title="wikidata:Q109526422">Q109526422</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790867#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata647" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790867#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata647" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2001001839">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007530344805171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/concept/6838948e-b745-4a2e-a532-3a155241d338">Yale LUX</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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